Sahli's Hemoglobin Method

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Aim

The aim of Sahli's hemoglobin method is to measure the concentration of hemoglobin in a blood sample. Hemoglobin is a protein found in red blood cells that carries oxygen throughout the body.

Principle

Sahli's hemoglobin method is based on the colorimetric principle. Hemoglobin is converted to acid hematin, which has a brown color. The intensity of the brown color is proportional to the concentration of hemoglobin in the sample. The color of the sample is then compared to a standard color scale to determine the hemoglobin concentration.

Equipment and reagents

 * Sahli's hemoglobinometer

 * Pipettes

 * Stirrer

 * Hydrochloric acid

 * Distilled water

Procedure

1. Take a measured volume of blood (usually 20 μL) using a pipette and transfer it into the Sahli's hemoglobinometer.
2. Add distilled water to dilute the blood sample in the hemoglobinometer to a specific mark.
3. Add a few drops of potassium cyanide solution to convert hemoglobin to cyanmethemoglobin, forming a stable compound.
4. Mix the contents thoroughly using a mixing rod.
5. Place the hemoglobinometer on a white surface and look through it against a well-lit background.
6. Gradually add standard color solutions (or compare with a color scale) until the color of the diluted blood matches that of the standard.
7. Note the level of the standard solution on the hemoglobinometer, which corresponds to the concentration of hemoglobin in the blood sample.
8. Calculate the hemoglobin concentration using the known concentration of the standard solution.

Uses

Sahli's hemoglobin method is a simple and inexpensive method for measuring hemoglobin concentration. However, it is not as accurate as other methods, such as automated Hemoglobinometers. Sahli's hemoglobin method is still used in some resource-limited settings.

Detected diseases

A low hemoglobin concentration, also known as anemia, can be caused by a variety of factors, including iron deficiency, vitamin B12 deficiency, and chronic diseases such as cancer and kidney disease. A high hemoglobin concentration, also known as polycythemia, can also be caused by a variety of factors, including dehydration, smoking, and certain medical conditions such as heart disease and lung disease.


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